Strontium carbonate
Strontium carbonate ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.Ndi mchere wa carbonate, wa gulu la aragonite, lomwe ndi losowa kwambiri ndipo limapezeka mu miyala yamchere kapena marlstone ngati mitsempha.Mwachilengedwe, imakhalapo ngati mchere wa rhodochrosite ndi strontite, womwe umakhala ndi barium carbonate, barite, calcite, celestite, fluorite ndi sulfide, wopanda fungo komanso wopanda kukoma, makamaka ufa woyera kapena kristalo wopanda mtundu, kapena imvi, wachikasu-woyera, wobiriwira kapena wofiirira atagwidwa ndi zonyansa.Strontium carbonate crystal ndi yooneka ngati singano, ndipo kuphatikiza kwake kumakhala singano za granular, columnar, ndi radioactive.Maonekedwe ake ndi opanda mtundu, oyera, obiriwira-achikasu, owoneka bwino mpaka magalasi owoneka bwino, kuwala kwamafuta ophwanyika, kuphulika, ndi kuwala kofooka kwa buluu pansi pa cathode ray.Strontium carbonate ndi yokhazikika, yosasungunuka m'madzi, imasungunuka pang'ono mu ammonia, ammonium carbonate ndi carbon dioxide saturated aqueous solution, ndi osasungunuka mu mowa.Kuphatikiza apo, strontium carbonate ndiyofunikanso zopangira za celestite, gwero losowa mchere.Pakali pano, celestite wapamwamba kwambiri watsala pang'ono kutopa.
Ndikukula kosalekeza kwamakampani apadziko lonse lapansi, gawo logwiritsira ntchito strontium lakulanso.Kuyambira m’zaka za m’ma 1800 mpaka kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana lino, anthu ankagwiritsa ntchito strontium hydroxide kupanga shuga ndi kuyeretsa madzi a beet;M’kati mwa nkhondo ziŵiri zapadziko lonse, mankhwala opangidwa ndi strontium anagwiritsiridwa ntchito mofala popanga zophulitsira moto ndi mabomba ozindikiritsa;M'zaka za m'ma 1920 ndi 1930, strontium carbonate idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sulfurizer yopangira zitsulo kuchotsa sulfure, phosphorous ndi zinthu zina zoipa;M'zaka za m'ma 1950, strontium carbonate idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa zinki popanga electrolytic zinc, ndi chiyero cha 99.99%;Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, strontium carbonate idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati maginito;Strontium titanate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kukumbukira pakompyuta, ndipo strontium chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta a rocket;Mu 1968, strontium carbonate idagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalasi lamtundu wa TV chifukwa idapezeka kuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito pachitetezo chabwino cha X-ray.Tsopano kufunikira kukukulirakulira ndipo kwakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito strontium;Strontium ikukulitsanso ntchito zake m'magawo ena.Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, strontium carbonate ndi mankhwala ena a strontium (mchere wa strontium) monga zopangira zamchere zofunika kwambiri zalandira chidwi ndi chidwi chofala.
Monga chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha mafakitale, strontium carbonateamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga machubu azithunzi, oyang'anira, oyang'anira mafakitale, zida zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, strontium carbonate ndiyenso zopangira zazikulu zopangira zitsulo zachitsulo ndi mchere wambiri wa strontium.Komanso, strontium carbonate angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupanga zozimitsa moto, galasi fulorosenti, mabomba chizindikiro, kupanga mapepala, mankhwala, analytical reagents, shuga kuyenga, nthaka zitsulo electrolyte kuyenga, strontium mchere pigment kupanga, etc. Ndi kuwonjezeka kufunika mkulu -purity strontium carbonate, monga ma TV amtundu waukulu, mawonedwe amtundu wa makompyuta ndi zipangizo zamakono zamagetsi, etc. Kupanga zinthu za strontium ku Japan, United States, Germany ndi mayiko ena otukuka kwatsika chaka ndi chaka chifukwa mpaka kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya mchere, kukwera mtengo kwa mphamvu ndi kuwononga chilengedwe.Pakadali pano, msika wogwiritsa ntchito wa strontium carbonate ukuwoneka.
Tsopano, tikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito strontium carbonate:
Choyamba, strontium carbonate imagawidwa mu granular ndi powdery specifications.The granular zimagwiritsa ntchito galasi TV ku China, ndi ufa zimagwiritsa ntchito kupanga strontium ferrite maginito zipangizo, nonferrous zitsulo smelting, wofiira pyrotechnic heartliver ndi kupanga mkulu-kuyera strontium carbonate kwa zipangizo zamakono monga PTC, Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga magalasi a TV ndi magalasi owonetsera, strontium ferrite, maginito ndi desulfurization yachitsulo yopanda ferrous, komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zozimitsa moto, galasi la fulorosenti, bomba la Signal, kupanga mapepala, mankhwala, kusanthula reagent ndi zipangizo zopangira zina. mchere wa strontium.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa strontium carbonate pamagetsi ndi:
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga color televizioni wolandila (CTV) kuti amwe ma elekitironi opangidwa ndi cathode
1.Kupanga strontium ferrite kwa maginito osatha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zokuzira mawu ndi maginito pakhomo
2.Kupanga cathode ray chubu kwa mtundu wa TV
3. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa ma electromagnets ndi strontium ferrite
4.Ikhoza kupangidwa kukhala ma motors ang'onoang'ono, olekanitsa maginito ndi zokuzira mawu
5. Yankhani ma X-ray
6.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma superconductors ena, monga BSCO, komanso zida za electroluminescent.Choyamba, imayikidwa mu SrO, kenako imasakanizidwa ndi sulfure kupanga SrS: x, kumene x kawirikawiri ndi europium.
M'makampani a ceramic, strontium carbonate imagwira ntchito motere:
1.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chophatikizira cha glaze.
2.Imachita ngati kusinthasintha
3.Kusintha mtundu wa zitsulo zina zachitsulo.
Kumene,ntchito yofala kwambiri ya strontium carbonate imakhala ngati utoto wotchipa muzozimitsa moto.
Mwachidule, strontium carbonate chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka kupanga TV galasi ndi kusonyeza galasi, strontium ferrite, zipangizo maginito ndi nonferrous zitsulo desulfurization ndi mafakitale ena, kapena kupanga zozimitsa moto, galasi fulorosenti, mabomba chizindikiro, kupanga mapepala, mankhwala. , ma analytical reagents ndi zopangira zopangira mchere wina wa strontium.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, China ali ndi mabizinesi oposa 20 chinkhoswe mu strontium carbonate kupanga, ndi okwana pachaka mphamvu kupanga matani 289000, kukhala padziko lonse sewerolo ndi ogula gill carbonated, ndi exporting kumadera onse a dziko, kusangalala ndi mbiri mkulu. msika wapadziko lonse lapansi.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamakhalidwe, China yogulitsa kunja kwa strontium carbonate m'zaka zaposachedwa ndi matani 78700 mu 2003, matani 98000 mu 2004 ndi matani 33000 mu 2005, omwe amawerengera 34.25%, 36.8% ndi 39,27% yonse, 39.27% ya dziko lonse. 54.7% ndi 57.8% ya malonda a msika wapadziko lonse.Celestite, chopangira chachikulu cha strontium carbonate, ndi mchere wosowa padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndi gwero la mineral lomwe silingathe kusinthidwanso.
Monga tonse tikudziwa, strontium ndi mchere wofunikira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.Imodzi mwa ntchito zake ndi kukonza mchere wa strontium, monga strontium carbonate, strontium titanate, nitrate, strontium oxide, strontium chloride, strontium chromate, strontium ferrite, ndi zina zotero. Pakati pawo, kuchuluka kwakukulu ndiko kupanga strontium carbonate.
Ku China, strontium carbonate yathu ili ndi mwayi wina wokhudzana ndi kupezeka ndi kupanga.Titha kunena kuti chiyembekezo chamsika cha strontium carbonate chikulonjeza.
1.Njira yowonongeka yowonongeka.
The celestite anaphwanyidwa ndi anachita ndi soda phulusa njira 2h pa anachita kutentha 100 ℃.Koyamba ndende ya sodium carbonate ndi 20%, kuchuluka kwa sodium carbonate anawonjezera ndi 110% ya ongoyerekeza kuchuluka, ndi tinthu kukula kwa ore ufa ndi 80 mauna.Pansi pa chikhalidwe ichi, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kumatha kufika kupitirira 97%.Pambuyo kusefedwa, kuchuluka kwa sodium sulphate mu filtrate kumatha kufika 24%.Menyani strontium carbonate ndi madzi, onjezerani hydrochloric acid zokometsera ku pH3, ndipo pambuyo pa 2 ~ 3h pa 90 ~ 100 ℃, onjezani barium remover kuti muchotse barium, ndiyeno sinthani slurry ndi ammonia kukhala pH6.8~7.2 kuchotsa zonyansa. .Pambuyo kusefedwa, kusefera kumapangitsa strontium carbonate ndi ammonium bicarbonate kapena ammonium carbonate solution, kenako kusefa kuchotsa njira ya ammonium chloride.Pambuyo powumitsa keke ya fyuluta, mankhwala a strontium carbonate amakonzedwa.
SrSO4+Na2CO3→SrCO3+Na2SO4
SrCO3+2HCl→SrCl2+CO2↑+H2O
SrCl2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH4Cl+HCl
2.Njira yochepetsera malasha.
Celestite ndi malasha ophwanyidwa amaphwanyidwa kuti adutse ma meshes 20 ngati zopangira, chiŵerengero cha ore ndi malasha ndi 1: 0.6 ~ 1: 0.7, kuchepetsedwa ndikuwotchedwa pa kutentha kwa 1100 ~ 1200 ℃, pambuyo pa 0.5 ~ 1.0h, zinthu zowonongeka imatsukidwa kawiri, kutsukidwa kamodzi, kutsekedwa pa 90 ℃, kunyowa kwa 3h nthawi iliyonse, ndipo chiwerengero chonse cha leaching chingafikire kuposa 82%.Njira yothetsera leaching imasefedwa, zotsalira za fyuluta zimatsitsidwa ndi hydrochloric acid, ndipo strontium imabwezeretsedwanso, ndipo filtrate imawonjezedwa ndi yankho la mirabilite kuchotsa barium, Kenaka yikani ammonium bicarbonate kapena sodium carbonate solution kuti mutenge mpweya wa strontium carbonate (kapena molunjika carbonize ndi carbon dioxide), ndiyeno kupatukana, youma, ndi pogaya kupanga strontium carbonate mankhwala.
SrSO4+2C→SrS+2CO2
2SrS+2H2O → Sr (OH) 2+Sr (HS) 2
Sr(OH)2+Sr(HS)2+2NH4HCO3→2Sr(CO3+2NH4HS+2H2O
3.Thermal solution ya strontium siderite.
Strontium siderite ndi coke zimaphwanyidwa ndikusakaniza mosakaniza molingana ndi chiŵerengero cha ore ndi coke = 10: 1 (chiŵerengero cha kulemera kwake).Pambuyo pakuwotcha pa 1150 ~ 1250 ℃, ma carbonates amawola kuti apange clinker yomwe ili ndi strontium oxide ndi zitsulo zina.Clinker imakhomeredwa ndi masitepe atatu, ndipo kutentha kwabwino kwambiri ndi 95 ℃.Masitepe achiwiri ndi achitatu akhoza kubwerezedwa.Kutentha kwa 70-80 ℃.Njira yothetsera leaching imapangitsa kuti strontium hydroxide ikhale 1mol / L, yomwe imathandizira kulekanitsa zonyansa Ca2 + ndi Mg2 +.Onjezani ammonium bicarbonate ku sefa kuti mutenge mpweya kuti mupeze strontium carbonate.Pambuyo pa kupatukana, kuyanika ndi kuphwanya, strontium carbonate yomalizidwa imapezeka.
SrCO3→SrO+C02↑
SrO+H2O→Sr(OH)2
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3↓+NH3·H2O+H2O
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira.
Kuchokera mumadzi apansi panthaka okhala ndi bromine ndi strontium, strontium yomwe ili ndi chakumwa cha mayi pambuyo pochotsa bromine imachotsedwa ndi laimu, imatuluka nthunzi, yokhazikika ndi kukhazikika, ndipo sodium kolorayidi imachotsedwa, kenako calcium imachotsedwa ndi caustic soda, ndipo ammonium bicarbonate imawonjezeredwa kuti itembenuke. strontium hydroxide mu mpweya wa strontium carbonate, ndiyeno nkuchapitsidwa ndikuumitsa kupanga zinthu za strontium carbonate.
SrC12+2NaOH→Sr(OH)2+2NaCl
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH3·H2O+H2O
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